Loan Programs

Every major loan program,
one honest advisor.

Six programs cover 95% of the mortgages I close. Skim the summaries, then pick the one that sounds like you — or reach out and we'll figure it out together in fifteen minutes.

Most popular

Conventional

The workhorse loan · 3–20% down · 620+ FICO

If you have decent credit and some savings, this is probably your loan. It's not glamorous — it's just consistently the best rate for most buyers. I close more conventional loans than any other type, for good reason.

Min down
3%
Min FICO
620
Max loan
$806K
PMI
Below 20% down

Best for: buyers with 620+ credit, at least 3% down, stable income, and a debt-to-income ratio under 45%. Works for primary residences, second homes, and investment properties.

What's good

  • Lowest rates for well-qualified buyers
  • PMI drops off automatically at 78% LTV
  • Works for primary, secondary, and investment
  • Fast closings — often 21 days
  • No upfront mortgage insurance premium

Watch out for

  • Needs 620+ FICO (stricter than FHA)
  • PMI required below 20% down
  • Stricter debt-to-income limits
  • Loan limits cap at ~$806K in most areas

Requirements at a glance

Down payment3% minimum · 20% to avoid PMI
Credit score620+ minimum · 740+ for best rates
DTI ratioUp to 45% (higher with strong compensating factors)
Income docs2 years W-2s or tax returns, recent pay stubs
Property typesPrimary · Second home · Investment (1–4 units)
First-time favorite

FHA

Government-backed · 3.5% down · 580+ FICO

If your credit is still healing, or you don't have 20% saved, or you're a first-time buyer — start here. FHA is often the difference between "I can't qualify" and "welcome home." It's why the program exists.

Min down
3.5%
Min FICO
580
Max DTI
57%
Mortgage ins.
Required

Best for: first-time buyers, credit scores between 580–680, buyers with less than 10% saved, or anyone whose debt-to-income ratio would kill a conventional application.

What's good

  • 580 FICO gets you 3.5% down
  • Debt-to-income up to 57% possible
  • Gift funds allowed for entire down payment
  • Flexible on past credit events
  • Assumable — future buyer can take over your rate

Watch out for

  • Mortgage Insurance Premium (MIP) for the life of the loan
  • Upfront MIP of 1.75% financed into loan
  • Property must meet FHA condition standards
  • Lower loan limits than conventional in most areas

Requirements at a glance

Down payment3.5% with 580+ FICO · 10% with 500–579 FICO
Credit score580 minimum for 3.5% down
DTI ratioUp to 57% with strong file
Property typePrimary residence only · 1–4 units
MIP1.75% upfront + 0.55% annual (for 30-year loans below 90% LTV)
Zero down

VA Loans

For veterans & active duty · $0 down · No PMI

You earned this — use it. VA loans are one of the best mortgage products in America, period. Zero down, no monthly mortgage insurance, and rates that beat most conventional loans. If you qualify, this is almost always your answer.

Down payment
$0
PMI
None
Funding fee
1.25–3.3%
Reusable
Yes

Best for: eligible veterans, active-duty service members, National Guard, Reservists, and surviving spouses. Also for any of the above buying a primary residence — even for the second, third, or fourth time.

What's good

  • $0 down payment required
  • No monthly PMI — ever
  • Competitive rates, often below conventional
  • Funding fee can be waived for disabled vets
  • No hard loan limits with full entitlement
  • Reusable — no lifetime cap on VA loans

Watch out for

  • Funding fee (financed into loan)
  • Primary residence only
  • Property must meet VA "Minimum Property Requirements"
  • Some sellers less familiar with VA appraisals

Requirements at a glance

EligibilityCertificate of Eligibility (COE) from VA — I'll pull this for you
Credit scoreNo official minimum · Most lenders want 580–620+
DTI ratioTypically 41% — higher possible with strong residual income
Property typePrimary residence · 1–4 units (must occupy one)
Funding fee1.25%–3.3% depending on down payment & first use
Rural & suburban

USDA

100% financing · Eligible rural areas · Income caps apply

The most underused loan in America. "Rural" is much broader than most people think — plenty of suburban neighborhoods qualify. If you're buying outside a major metro, always ask me to check USDA eligibility before defaulting to FHA.

Down payment
$0
Min FICO
640
Areas
USDA-mapped
Income cap
Varies

Best for: moderate-income buyers in USDA-eligible zones (rural areas + many small towns and outer suburbs). Household income must be at or below 115% of area median.

What's good

  • 100% financing — no down payment required
  • Below-market interest rates
  • Lower mortgage insurance than FHA
  • Closing costs can be rolled into loan
  • Gift funds allowed

Watch out for

  • Property must be in USDA-eligible area
  • Household income limits (based on area)
  • Primary residence only
  • Slower closings than conventional (3–4 weeks common)

Requirements at a glance

Property locationMust be USDA-designated rural — I'll check the map
Credit score640+ for streamlined underwriting
DTI ratioUp to 41% (higher possible)
Income limitHousehold income ≤ 115% of area median
Property typePrimary residence · Single-family only
Luxury

Jumbo

Above conforming limits · 10–20% down · 700+ FICO

When your loan needs to exceed $806,500 (in most areas), you're in jumbo territory. Rates are competitive with conventional, but underwriting is stricter and reserves matter. I structure these regularly for move-up buyers and investors.

Min down
10%
Min FICO
700
Loan range
$806K+
Reserves
6–12 mo

Best for: buyers financing above the conforming loan limit (~$806K in most areas, higher in high-cost markets). Strong credit, low DTI, and cash reserves are the norm. Great for high-value primary homes, luxury second homes, and larger investment properties.

What's good

  • Finance high-value homes without splitting loans
  • Rates competitive with conventional
  • 10% down possible for well-qualified buyers
  • Interest-only options available
  • No PMI on many jumbo programs

Watch out for

  • Stricter credit requirements (700+ typical)
  • 6–12 months reserves often required
  • Lower DTI thresholds (43% max is common)
  • More documentation, longer underwriting

Requirements at a glance

Loan amountAbove local conforming limit (~$806K, higher in high-cost areas)
Credit score700+ typical · 740+ for best rates
DTI ratio43% max on most programs
Reserves6–12 months of PITI in liquid assets
Property typePrimary · Second home · Investment
Existing homeowners

Refinance

Rate/term · Cash-out · Debt consolidation

Refinancing only makes sense if the math works. I'll run your real break-even, factor in closing costs, and tell you honestly whether it's worth it. If rates drop meaningfully or you need to access equity, refi is a powerful tool. If they don't, I'll say so.

Types
Rate/term
+ cash-out
Break-even
Calculated
Cash-out max
80% LTV
Timeline
30–45 days

Best for: current homeowners who could benefit from a lower rate, want to pull cash out for renovations or debt consolidation, or want to eliminate PMI or move from an ARM to a fixed rate. Only if the numbers actually work.

When refi makes sense

  • Rate is 0.75%+ below your current rate
  • You'll stay long enough to break even
  • You need cash for renovations or investments
  • You're eliminating high-interest debt
  • Moving from ARM to fixed before adjustment

When to wait

  • Break-even is more than 5 years out
  • You're planning to sell within 2 years
  • Rate savings under 0.5% (usually not worth it)
  • Extending your loan term significantly

Refinance types I handle

Rate & termLower your rate, change term, drop PMI
Cash-outPull equity for renovations, debt consolidation, investments
FHA streamlineSimplified refi if you already have an FHA loan
VA IRRRLInterest Rate Reduction Refinance Loan for existing VA borrowers
HELOCLine of credit against equity (not technically a refi, but often the right answer)
Frequently asked

Questions I get a lot.

If yours isn't here, call or text me at 863-695-2265 — I'll answer honestly, even if the honest answer is "I don't know yet, let me find out."

How much house can I actually afford?

A lender's max qualification isn't the same as what you should spend. I use a "sleep-well-at-night" number — usually 25–28% of gross monthly income for housing — and back into a purchase price from there. That's the number you should shop with.

The bank's max might be 35–40% of your income, but that's the ceiling, not the target. We'll talk about your goals and your other financial priorities before I put a number on it.

Do I really need 20% down?

No. It's a myth that's cost buyers years of appreciation. FHA needs 3.5%. Conventional starts at 3%. VA is $0. USDA is $0. If waiting to save 20% means missing the market for another two years, you're often worse off — even with PMI.

The right down payment depends on your full financial picture, not a general rule. Let's talk about yours.

Will applying hurt my credit score?

The initial conversation and pre-qualification cause zero credit impact — I don't pull your credit until you're ready. When we do pull it, one mortgage inquiry drops your score by 2–5 points temporarily. If we shop with multiple lenders within a 14–45 day window, all those pulls count as a single inquiry.

How long does the whole process take?

Most of my purchase loans close in 21–30 days from full application. Refinances are usually 30–45 days. The biggest variable is how fast documents get returned. If you're organized, we can go faster.

What documents will I need?

The standard set: last 2 years of W-2s or tax returns, 2 most recent pay stubs, 2 months of bank statements, ID, and any info on other properties or debts. Self-employed? We'll need 2 years of business returns and a P&L.

I'll send you a personalized checklist after our first call — nothing extra you don't need.

Should I lock my rate now or wait?

Once you have an accepted offer, I usually recommend locking. Rate lock protects you if rates rise before closing. If rates drop meaningfully after lock, most of my programs have a one-time float-down option — I'll explain your specific options when we get there.

Trying to time the market on rates is like trying to time stocks. Don't.

Do you charge me anything?

In most cases, my compensation is paid by the lender at closing — there's no direct cost to you for my services. Any borrower-paid fees (appraisal, title, third-party services) get disclosed upfront in your Loan Estimate. No surprises, no hidden fees.

Can you actually help in my state?

I'm licensed in 21 states plus the District of Columbia — Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, DC, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia.

Not on the list? Ask anyway. Homespire is licensed in additional states, and I can often connect you with a licensed colleague.

Not sure which program is right for you?

That's what I'm here for. Fifteen minutes on the phone and I'll tell you exactly which loan fits your situation — and whether now's the right time to move.